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Resident Perspective: Inflammatory markers of complete blood count in Fuchs uveitis syndromeUnderstanding the underlying etiology and pathophysiology ophthalmological disorders is paramount to achieving early diagnosis improved patient outcomes. Although syndrome (FUS) a well-established recognized disorder characterized by chronic, low-grade anterior uveitis, precise this not yet fully understood. FUS may very well be result non-infectious inflammatory process; however, several studies have shown associations with infectious agents, including toxoplasma, herpes simplex virus, rubella virus cytomegalovirus infections.1Chan NS Chee SP. Demystifying viral uveitis: A review.Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2019; 47: 320-333Crossref PubMed Scopus (30) Google Scholar,2Quentin CD Reiber H. heterochromic cyclitis: antibodies genome aqueous humor.Am J 2004; 138: 46-54Abstract Full Text PDF (203) ScholarGiven that chronic intraocular inflammation previous changes peripheral associated inflammation, issue, Simsek colleagues investigated potential (CBC) patients.3Simsek M Ozdal P. syndrome.Can 2021; 56: 3Abstract (0) Scholar This study cross-sectional comparative which CBC samples from two groups participants, non-uveitic control group an group, were examined. These analyzed for indices, white cell counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte (LMR), red distribution width (RDW), platelet count, mean volume (MPV), MPV-to-platelet (MPR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR). The lymphocyte counts patients found higher than age sex-matched controls, leading significant decrease NLR increase LMR authors suggest nature lead rise differentiating it other, more acute uveitic syndromes are generally neutrophil and, therefore, values.3Simsek Scholar,4Ozgonul C Sertoglu E Ayyildiz O et al.Novel biomarkers idiopathic ratio.Int 2017; 10: 262-266PubMed usefulness was also using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. area under (AUC) both showed relatively high sensitivity specificity ratios.The results widespread systemic as opposed only local bringing us one step closer understanding fascinating disease entity.There are, few limitations current should taken into consideration. Firstly, performed PCR testing cases suspicious other etiologies. It would ideal all participants ensure exclusion due history remote infection or otherwise explained inflammation. Secondly, limited its retrospective sample size. Prospective larger cohorts will help add our FUS.In summary, eloquently described indices syndrome, indicating component change patients. Studies such important facilitate pathogenesis interesting entity, potentially allowing earlier even effective treatment future.Article being referenced: https://www.canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca/article/S0008-4182(20)30786-9/fulltext Understanding Given ratios. entity. There FUS. In future. Article Visual impairment prevalence ocular pathology homeless children adults globallyApproximately 235 000 Canadians experience homelessness each year, number length time they homeless, continues rise.1What homelessness. Raising Roof. https://raisingtheroof.org/what-is-homelessness/(accessed April 14, 2021).Google global survey United Nations, latest 2005, estimated 100 million people worldwide.2Kothari M. Economic, social cultural rights: report special rapporteur on adequate housing right standard living.2005Google Homelessness health inequalities, driver poor health, represents population increased variety medical conditions, morbidities.3Sawers N. state among London's population.Eye. 31: 632-635Crossref (4) Scholar,4Pitz S Kramann Krummenauer F Pitz Trabert G Pfeiffer Is risk factor eye disease? Results German screening study.Ophthalmologica. 2005; 219: 345-349Crossref (16) ScholarIn Sayal conducted systematic review investigate impact outcomes globally.5Sayal AP Slomovic N(S) Bhambra Popovic MM Lichter globally: review.Can 56Abstract (1) included 23 unique samples. amounted data points 5774 individuals, majority male (71.1%) average 37.4 years. Most based populations within North America (11 States 6 Canada), however 2 Kingdom, 1 Germany, Nigeria, Nepal, Australia.Sayal reported 36.8% individuals self-reported dissatisfaction their vision, 26.3% had uncorrected refractive errors, 25.6% functionally impaired, 4.0% non-refractive visual impairment. 25.1% assessed pathology, mostly cornea/external related (13.4%).5Sayal rates those general population. Namely, functional about times greater rate 4.2%.6WHO. Global https://www.who.int/blindness/publications/globaldata/en/(accessed Uncorrected error approximately 9-10 at 2.7%.7Resnikoff Pascolini D Mariotti SP Pokharel GP. magnitude caused errors 2004.Bull World Health Organ. 2008; 86: 63-70Crossref (654) major cause disability enormously reduce productivity quality life.8Durr NJ Dave SR Lage Marcos Thorn Lim From unseen seen: tackling burden errors.Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2014; 16: 131-153Crossref (21) Of course, can corrected through spectacles, but who access care resources, becomes challenge. fact, al. 17.0% needed glasses them study. Access ophthalmic low; 22% seen ophthalmologist optometrist preceding much lower when compared 44% population.5Sayal likely owing multitude reasons, ultimately resulting inadequate provision homeless. As providers services, recognize address these barriers enable equitable. Certainly, there been initiatives eyeglasses recycling programs mobile clinics income disparity exist suggests ongoing issue.Some include small size reviewed lack representation, given looked countries. addition, unable make country-to-country comparisons because no comparator While future research still expand review, demonstrate incidence Recognition emphasizes need policy additional resources at-risk preventable impairment.Article https://www.canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca/article/S0008-4182(20)30770-5/fulltext Approximately Australia. issue. Some Central corneal thickness premature infants without retinopathy prematurityIn comparison extensive amount prematurity (ROP), literature haze infants. Hence, Islam seek contribute body investigating: 1) central (CCT) decline, 2) CCT's association features—gestational (GA), birth weight (BW), race, oxygen requirements, steroid use—in racially diverse States.1Islam Y Xue W Agarwal-Sinha S. Correlation factors prematurity.Can ScholarIslam's prospectively collected 87 (174 eyes) single academic centre between 2018 2019. ROP participants. CCT measured weekly biweekly, starting 30 weeks GA later until 44 GA. Multiple longitudinal analyses/ mixed model determine GA, BW, clarity, use.To summarize study's findings, decreased baseline (mean 744.8um) end (547.1um) 12.3um/ week. With regards analyses features, first, born before 27 717.0um vs 682.4um, p=0.036), faster (13.3um/ week vs. 10.1um/ week, p=0.029) Second, BW <1000g CCTs 723.2um 674.5um, p=0.002) (13.4um/ 9.9um/ p=0.020) 1000g. Third, Caucasian thickest corneas while Hispanics thinnest corneas; African American Hispanic slower Fourth, presence positively correlated thicker (738um 682.3um, p=0.002). Lastly, requirements use significantly (p=0.643 p=0.632).CCT features consideration assessing managing pediatric segment disorders, congenital glaucoma, subsequently amblyopia. growing evidence glaucoma angle abnormality, crucial good over features. Islam's first population, homogenous studies. external validity papers CCT, findings applicability clinical utility, especially Canada, most ethnically nations world. Furthermore, relationship steroid/ exclusively pre-term infants, adding originality it. Many often require oxygen/ airway diseases respiratory distress bronchopulmonary dysplasia. novel provide reassurance neither nor has any effect CCT. To conclude, presents valuable original asset unfortunately does information preterm Larger hopefully reinforce discovered group.Article https://www.canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca/article/S0008-4182(20)30738-9/fulltext use. p=0.632). group. Validating stereoscopic robotized teleophthalmic drone slit lampTelemedicine “the electronic communications technologies support distance separates participants.”1Institute Medicine (US) Committee Evaluating Clinical Applications TelemedicineTelemedicine: Guide Assessing Telecommunications Care. National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC)1996Google ophthalmology, established used telemedicine diabetic retinopathy, relies acquisition colour fundus photographs asynchronous grading. Such greatly expanded DR particularly living geographically areas.2Boucher MC Desroches Garcia-Salinas R Kherani Maberley Olivier al.Teleophthalmology imaging units canada.Can 43 (Dec): 658-668Abstract further improve accessibility efficiency care.3Holekamp NM. Moving Clinic Home: What Future Holds Ophthalmic Telemedicine.Am 2018; 187 (xxviii-xxxv)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2017.11.003Abstract However, currently available types inform diagnostic management decisions.3Holekamp For example, challenge tele-glaucoma inability remotely examine chamber distinguish open- closed-angle etiologies.In Luna efforts overcome validating lamp examination (AC).4Luna GL Parel J-M Gonzalez Hopman Rowaan Khimdas ten Hove lamp.Can 56Google They reliability AC cell, flare depth gradings different examiners same examiner done conventional real substantial agreement cells moderate depth. Agreement did seem affected level training examiner. qualitative conjunctival injection, abrasion ulceration good.These promising technology could offered Canadian communities, reducing costly, disruptive trips. outstanding issues deserve attention. raised authors, establishing means examining conditions evaluated. Subsequent validation steps might explore extent impression recommendations differ comparing examinations versus lamps. interest compare clinician confidence decisions readily technologies, smart phone photographs. Ultimately, beneficial conduct formal assessment so properly appraise anticipated unanticipated costs benefits tool deployed real-world systems.Article https://www.canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca/article/S0008-4182(20)30775-4/fulltext Telemedicine good. systems.